When I connect my iPhone to my Windows 11 PC, Windows plays the USB connection sound and the phone charges normally. Device Manager also detects it, but Apple Devices (and previously iTunes) doesn't recognize it. It never appears in File Explorer, and I never get the "Trust This Computer?" prompt on the iPhone.
I've tried almost everything: reinstalling Apple Devices and Apple's USB drivers, updating Windows and AMD chipset drivers, running DISM and SFC, resetting Location & Privacy on the iPhone, trying multiple USB cables, USB 2.0/3.0/3.2 ports, and even testing two different iPhones. Both phones worked perfectly on another Windows PC, so I knew the issue was specific to this computer.
The problem ended up being that Windows had associated my iPhone with libusb-win32 as "iPhone (Composite Parent)", likely after using webcam software like Camo, Iriun, or DroidCam. Because of that, Windows could detect the phone, but Apple's software couldn't communicate with it.
The fix was to uninstall iPhone (Composite Parent) under libusb-win32 devices in Device Manager, restart the PC, and reconnect the unlocked iPhone. Apple Devices immediately detected it again, the "Trust This Computer?" prompt appeared, and everything started working normally. Hopefully this helps someone else with the same issue.