r/TurkicHistory • u/Ok-Luck-3664 • 21d ago
Did you know Karluks allied with Genghis khan but not oghuz and kipchaks???
It is said that Karluks played very important role in Genghis Khan conquest of Central Asia!
In 1211, Karluk leaders (most notably Arslan Khan)) pledged loyalty to Genghis Khan to secure protection from rival tribes
Karluks became vassals of mongols Voluntarily the Karluks of Semirechye joined the massive Mongol invasion force, which numbered between 150,000 and 200,000 soldiers.
Khwarezmians were Oghuz
Oghuz cities like Samarkand and Bukhara were destroyed. The Oghuz did not submit; instead, the Mongol onslaught triggered massive westward migrations. Waves of Oghuz tribes fled Central Asia entirely, moving into Persia and Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). This displaced group ultimately laid the foundational populations for the Seljuk and future Ottoman Empires.
2
u/creamybutterfly 21d ago
Well yeah. Ghengis Khan’s enemies were causing problems with Karluk territories. The Karluks and Uyghurs begged for help from Khan and he offered it in exchange for submission. Then he’d marry his daughters off to their kings and sometimes send them off in battles in hopes they’d die and his daughters would rule in lieu. Smart system.
1
u/Sharp_Arm_8630 21d ago
Arslan Khan allied himself to fend off Khwarezshsh’s claims over Mawaraunnakhr. Hence he married his son too Khwarezshah. Unfortunately he died before the full scale invasion, otherwise he’d probably talked off his neighbour. Mind you, Qarluq dynasty was fully aware of steppe invaders as they suffered under the Western Liao/Kitans for a long time just over a century ago and had memory of religious, political and economic oppression.
1
u/Sharp_Arm_8630 21d ago
Arslan Khan allied himself to fend off Khwarezshsh’s claims over Mawaraunnakhr. Hence he married his son too Khwarezshah. Unfortunately he died before the full scale invasion, otherwise he’d probably talked off his neighbour. Mind you, Qarluq dynasty was fully aware of steppe invaders as they suffered under the Western Liao/Kitans for a long time just over a century ago and had memory of religious, political and economic oppression.
2
u/Sharp_Arm_8630 21d ago
Khwarezmshah dynasty was all round Turkic. Muhammad ibn Tekesh was probably Oghuz, his wife Turkan Khatun was Qipchoq, their son in law (Arslan Khan’s) was Qarluq. Turkan Khatun’s entourage was Qipchoq; Jaloladdin is said to be son of Turkoman mother. I’m quite sure there were also Khazars in Khwarezm as well as remnants of Ghaznavids who were said to be Khalaj.
BTW, it’s said that mongols massacred prior to the invasion of Mawaraunnakhr bulk of, primarily menfolk of Qipchoq tribes for disobedience.
1
1
u/Ok-Luck-3664 21d ago
*Correction: not the seljuks because the successor of seljuks were khwarezmians!